Improvement in processes of tempering glass



H. O'NEILL.

PROCESS OF 'TEMPE'BING GLASS.

Patented June 13, 1876.

N-PEI'ERs, FHOTO-UTFUGRAPHER. WASHINGTON. D. O.

HUG-H ONE1-LL,OF EnsEY CITY, n. J., ASSIGNOR or ONE-THIRD HIS RIGHT PATENT OEFIcE TOv SAMUEL T. WILLIAMS, OF PRINCE GEORGES QQUNTY, MD.

IMPROVEMENT IN PROCESSES OF TEMPERING GLASS.

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. [78,797. dated J nne 13, 1876; application filed February 16, 1876.

To all whom it may concern Be it known that I, HUGH ONEILL, of J ersey City, in the State of New Jersey, have invented an Improved Process of Tempering Glass, of which the following is a specifica tion:

This invention relates to the construction of apparatus and to improvements in .that class of processes which have their analogies in the well-known modes of tempering steel by imeye view of a segment of said glory-hole, with the first and second bath'tanks in position, the operators chair, and the gas-escape flues'; and

Fig. 3 is a sectional view of the bath-tanks and a broken section of the glory-hole.

The glory-hole A requires no special description, as itis like others in general use. Springing out from it, for each pair of tanks, is an arm, a, that may otherwise form part of a crane. Pendent from this arm is a cord or chain, 1), for the elevation and depression of a basket, 0, of reticulated metal, or of woven wire, one end of the cord or chain being detained at d, near the operators hand, or convenient to an attendant. A flap-cover, e, is designed to be let down upon the removal of the basket from the first tank, or at other times, to prevent the escape of gas, heat, or vapor from the tank f but when the cover a is closed, such gas, heat, or vapor ascends in the flue h to the dome i of the glory-hole, and thence passes out with the products of combustion through the smoke-stack k. The tank fis for tho first immersion in the process, and the tank 9 is for the second, as shall be fully explained. The chair B is of ordina- Iy construction, but is advantageously arranged, so as to afford working room for the operator and enable him to control all the operations in progress. The surrounding tanks,

forming the inner circle in Figs. 1 and 2, may be made of boiler-iron. Beneath them are constant fires, to keep in a molten condition a sufiicient quantity of caoutchouc, gutta-per'cha, lead, or other metal "01? alloy of metals, for the first immersion of the perfectly-formed object of glass manufacture. As soon as this is formed, and while yet red, it should be immersed in the molten materialin one of the tanks f. After remaining there five seconds or five minutes, at the option of the operator, the articles of glass should be removed in the basket 0, previously sunk in tank f for this purpose, and promptly immersed in a cold bath of dead-oil ,(or carbolic acid)'in tank g, and after from two to five minutes it should be transferred to a vessel of cool or warmwater holding soap, or soda, or salt (chloride of sodium) in solution. In this it may bewashed and prepared for transportationor for storage.

The use of oils, grease, wax, resin, bitumen, or any substance liable to combustion, or to the rapid escape of heat, or to free vaporization, is incompatible with this process, which requires substances that meltonly at a comparatively high temperature, and which press closely upon the glass, protecting it from sudden. chilling while yielding to such pressure. The whole body of the glass, instead of merely the surface, as in other processes, is thus solidified and hence a superficial cut or scratch cannot occasion a separation of the whole plate or body, as in glass not condensed in all its parts.

With respect to the degree of heat to which the caoutchouc, gutta-percha, or metal shall be raised for the first immersion, common experience will prove a sufficient guide to those skilled in the art, who never remelt the glassin this operation. From this maximum down to atemperature that will barely melt the most yielding of these substances,is the range of discretion in the premises.

The proper arrangement of the immersiontanks is: the first bath nearest to the gloryhole, and the second without, in such manner that a line radial from the axis of the gloryhole shallpass through the pillars of the same,

and through the axes of the first and second tanks exterior thereto. e

What I claim is a LThe arrangement of the first immersiontanks in relation to the g10ry-h01e,substan' tiaily as described.

2. The arrangement of the first and second tanks in relationto the gl0ry-h0le, substantiaily as described.

3. The arrangement of the pperators chairs in relation to the glory-hole and the first series of immersion-tanks, substantially as described.

4. The arrangement of the suspended basket tanks;substantially as described; i t

in relation Mao the furnace and surrounding i 5. The arrangement of the covers in relatien to theglory-hole and surrounding tanks; sub

stantially as described.

6. Imlnersing in a bath of yearbol ie acid glass that has been first immersed in heated bath.

HUGH ONEILL. Witnesses; a t d THOMAS C. OQNNOLLY, JAMES REYNOLDS. 

